Our skeletal System and the Skin Q & A
Q.1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The process of intake of food and utilizing it for all life processes is called nutrition .
(b) All the substances in our food which are useful for various body processes are called nutrients .
(c) Carbohydrates and fats provide energy to our body.
(d) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the right proportion.
(e) In the food pyramid, cereals are given the maximum space because they fulfill our energy requirement.
(f) Intake of more food than necessary causes obesity .
Q.2. Spot the following in the table of vitamins and minerals.
(a) The nutrient present in citrous fruits.
Ans: Vitamin C
(b) Vitamins/minerals present in milk.
Ans: Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus.
(c) Causes and symptoms of night blindness, scurvy, rickets, beriberi.
Ans:
Diseases | Causes | Symptoms |
1. Night blindness | Deficiency of Vitamin A | Inability to see in dim light |
2. Scurvy | Deficiency of Vitamin C | Bleeding of gums |
3. Rickets | Deficiency of Vitamin D | Softening of bones |
4. Beri-beri | Deficiency of Vitamin B1 | Nerve disorder, muscle weakness |
(d) Foods required to prevent the above diseases.
Ans:
Diseases | Food for prevention |
1. Night blindness | Carrots, milk, dark green vegetables. |
2. Scurvy | Amla, kiwi, oranges and citrus fruits. |
3. Rickets | Exposure to sunlight, milk, fish, egg, butter. |
4. Beri-beri | Milk, fish, meat, cereals, nuts, pulses |
(e) Causes of anaemia.
Ans: Deficiency of Vitamin B12 and iron.
(f) Essential mineral for healthy bones and teeth.
Ans: Calcium, phosphorus.
(g) Sensory organ affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A.
Ans: Eyes, skin.
Q.3. Choose the correct alternative.
(a) Pulses are a very good source of proteins .
(b) Cereals provide maximum energy to our body.
(c) Goitre is caused by the deficiency of iodine .
(d) Chocolate is a type of junk food.
Q.4. Use the food pyramid to select food items of your choice for three days.
Conditions:
1. The diet for all three days should be balanced.
2. There should be variety in the items chosen for the three days.