Religious Trends in Ancient India Q & A
Q.1. Fill in the blanks:
(1) The principle of non-violence is very important in Jainism.
(2) An extraordinary feature of Gautama Buddha’s personality is his compassion for all living beings.
Q.2. Answer in short:
(1) What were the teachings of Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: The teachings of Vardhaman Mahavir were that the greatness of man doesn’t depend on his varna, but on his excellent conduct.
(2) Which famous quotes of Gautama Buddha have you read here? What value does it uphold?
Ans: Famous quotes of Gautama Buddha:-
- One of the famous quotes of Gautam Buddha is that ‘Even the little quail can chirp freely in her nest’, this quote depicts the values of freedom and equality of his preaching.
- Gautam Buddha preached that like men, women too had the right to their own upliftment.
(3) What virtues are emphasized in Judaism?
Ans: Justice, truth, peace, love, compassion, humility, charity, ethical speech and self-respect are emphasized in judaism.
(4) What are the teachings of Christianity?
Ans: According to the teachings of Christianity, we all are brother and sister, We should love everyone including our enemies and We should forgive those who error go wrong.
(5) What are the teachings of Islam?
Ans: The teachings of Islam are that Allah is eternal, absolute, all powerful and merciful.The purpose of human existence is to worship Allah.The Quran Sharif provides guidance as to how man should behave in life.
(6) What is at the core of Parsee thinking?
Ans: At the core of Parsee thinking are three main principles of conduct, namely, good thoughts, good words and good deeds.
Q.3. Write notes on:
(1) Aryasatya
Ans: There are four truths at the root of all human affairs and they are called noble truths or Aryasatyas.
(1) Dukkha (suffering): There is suffering in the human life.
(2) cause of suffering: There is a cause of suffering
(3) The Dukkha – nivaran: It is possible to end suffering.
(4) Pratipad: Pratipad means the ‘way’ that leads to the end of suffering.
(2) Panchasheel
Ans: Gautam Buddha asked people to follow five rules called Panchasheel.
- Stay away from killing animals.
- Stay away from stealing.
- Stay away from unethical conduct.
- Stay away from telling lies.
- Stay away from intoxicants.
Q.4. Put the following in the proper place in the chart of the Five Great Vows and the Three Jewels.
Five Great Vows | Three Jewels |
(1) Ahimsa | (1) Samyak Darshan |
(2) Satya | (2) Samyak Jnan |
(3) Asteya | (3) Samyak Charitra |
(4) Aparigraha | |
(5) Brahmacharya |
Q.5. Give reasons:
(1) Why was the name ‘Jina’ given to Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: The name ‘Jina’ was given to Vardhaman Mahavir because the joy derived from physical comforts and the discomforts felt due to undesired things had no impact whatsoever on him.
(2) Why did Gautam Buddha came to be called the Buddha?
Ans: Gautam Buddha has attained knowledge of human life in its entirety. That is why he came to be known as the ‘Buddha’.